In 'The Great Turning,' Roger Garaudy presents a powerful critique of Western civilization, arguing that its foundations of materialism, individualism, and positivism have led it to a profound crisis. He calls for a radical shift, a 'great turning,' towards a new model of society based on a dialogue of civilizations, spirituality, and shared human values. Garaudy examines the failures of both capitalism and Soviet-style socialism, advocating for a future where faith and reason unite to create a more just and meaningful world, drawing inspiration from diverse spiritual traditions.