the introduction

The concept of the Hijri calendar The Hijri calendar is the calendar system used by Muslims to determine dates. It is based on the moon's orbit around the Earth and consists of 12 months. This calendar begins with the year of the Prophet Muhammad's migration from Mecca to Medina, a great event in the history of Islam. The importance of the Hijri calendar The Hijri calendar holds great importance in the lives of Muslims. It is used to determine religious occasions such as Ramadan, Eid al-Fitr, and Eid al-Adha. It also helps Muslims organize their daily lives and social relationships. By understanding the Hijri calendar, new generations can better appreciate their history and culture.

Hijri calendar history

Key Events in the History of Hijra The Hijra of the Prophet is a pivotal event in the history of Islam. It was not limited to the migration of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and his companions, but rather reflects the beginning of a new phase of the Islamic call. The migration was the starting point for the state of Medina, in which Muslims became a cohesive community, which enhances the importance of the Hijri calendar as a time standard. Development and changes in the Hijri calendar Over the centuries, the Hijri calendar has undergone several changes, as the sighting of the crescent moon was adopted to determine the beginning of the months. Some Islamic countries also contributed to its development by applying calculation methods, which helped in the accuracy of dates and better identification of holidays and occasions.

The religious significance of the Hijri date

Important religious events in the history of migration The Prophet's migration is considered one of the most important events in Islam, as it formed the cornerstone in building the Islamic community. Through this migration, Muslims were able to gather their forces and encourage the Islamic call, which led to the spread of Islam in various regions. The sacred months in the Hijri calendar The Hijri calendar is distinguished by the sacred months, which have a special value in the Islamic religion. These months, namely: Dhul-Qi'dah, Dhul-Hijjah, Muharram, and Rajab, are considered a sacred time that Muslims must respect, as fighting is prohibited and good deeds increase.

Hijri calendar and other calendars

Differences between the Hijri and Gregorian calendars The Hijri calendar consists of 12 months based on the lunar cycle, while the Gregorian calendar is based on the solar cycle. Therefore, the Hijri year is about 11 days shorter than the Gregorian year, which leads to discrepancies in the dates of events between the two calendars. Modern uses of the Hijri date Many Islamic countries use the Hijri date in official transactions, including determining religious occasions such as Ramadan and holidays. In addition, many Muslims show interest in commemorating historical occasions related to the Hijri date to educate new generations.

The impact of the Hijri calendar on Islamic civilization

Important events witnessed by Islamic civilization according to the Hijri calendar Islamic civilization witnessed many prominent events that were recorded according to the Hijri calendar, such as invasions and battles, in addition to the establishment of the Islamic state. These events were pivotal to the emergence of the Islamic nation and the development of its identity. The social and cultural structure of Islamic societies and its relationship to migration The Hijri history had a significant impact on the social and cultural structure of Islamic societies. The migration from Mecca to Medina contributed to shaping the values ​​of solidarity and cooperation, which helped build an interdependent society that strengthens the bonds between its members.