This profound book by Behrooz Ghamari-Tabrizi delves into the complex interplay between Islamism and the multifaceted pursuit of modernity. It challenges conventional understandings of secular modernity by exploring how Islamic movements have actively sought to construct distinct, alternative paths to social and political advancement. Ghamari-Tabrizi examines various historical and contemporary case studies, offering a nuanced perspective on the diverse expressions of Islamism and their aspirations for a future that is both authentic to their heritage and adaptively responsive to contemporary global challenges. The work provides critical insights into ongoing debates about progress, tradition, and the significant global impact of non-Western modernities.