This profound work by Erwin Rosenthal delves into the intricate relationship between Islam and the concept of the modern national state. It meticulously analyzes how traditional Islamic principles interact with contemporary political structures, national sovereignty, and secular governance. Rosenthal explores the challenges and adaptations faced by Muslim societies in navigating their religious identity within the framework of modern nation-states. The book offers profound insights into historical developments, legal interpretations, and socio-political dynamics, making it an essential read for anyone interested in the evolving role of religion in global politics and the shaping of national identities in the Islamic world.