Hashem Othman's 'Modern History of Syria' offers an insightful and thorough examination of the pivotal events and transformations that have shaped Syria from the late Ottoman period through the mid-20th century. This seminal work delves into the political, social, and economic dynamics, exploring the intricate web of regional and international influences that impacted the nation's trajectory. Othman meticulously analyzes the rise of nationalism, the French Mandate era, and the early years of independence, providing readers with a nuanced understanding of Syria's complex past. It is an essential resource for anyone seeking to comprehend the foundational elements of contemporary Syria.